[Syrphidae] Jennifer Owen = Ecology of a garden, update

Fri Jul 9 20:48:00 BST 2010

Thanks, Francis.

Could you give us all an update on the status of Jennifer's new book on her garden. When we last met in Serbia, you said you expected it to be published this year.

I have long awaited this update to see what further observations Jennifer has on flower flies.

Naturally, as usual I am slow and behind, but we want to eventually publish some local data on urban flower fly diversity for the Washington, DC, USA, area. 

Sincerely,

Chris

from home

From: Francis Gilbert 
Sent: Tuesday, July 06, 2010 4:38 PM
To: Hoverfly discussion list 
Subject: RE: Re : [Syrphidae] temperature thresholds

hi Pierre

Nice to hear from you. And it's great that you are rearing hoverflies.

I am not sure what you mean by 'raise' because there are two ways. By far the easiest is to get eggs from field-collected females, or larvae from the field, and rear them through to adults. 

A completely different matter is to get reared adults to mate in captivity and then to get a second generation from eggs. Thus many genera are 'difficult' because adults do not mate in captivity, or at least never have when it has been tried. 

Some species are 'difficult' because the larva has an obligate diapause which must be undergone or broken in order for pupation to take place. Gradually these species have mostly been reared because techniques for keeping the larvae over the winter are reasonably good now. 

The only equipment for rearing larvae are small dishes and (for predators) available aphids. For getting adults to mate in captivity you need cages of a reasonable size (say, 60 x 60 x 60 cms) and adequate lighting.

Have you got Graham Rotheray's book on hoverfly larvae? That will give you most if not all of the information you need to rear larvae through to the adults. There is no clear guide to rearing several generations of syrphids, especially non-aphidophagous species, but I can send you some papers if you would like.

Salut

FRancis

Dr Francis Gilbert

website: www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg

BioMAP: www.biomapegypt.org

From: syrphidae-bounces at lists.nottingham.ac.uk [mailto:syrphidae-bounces at lists.nottingham.ac.uk] On Behalf Of Pierre MILLE
Sent: 06 July 2010 17:05
To: Hoverfly discussion list
Subject: Re : [Syrphidae] temperature thresholds

      Hello Francis,

      I'll probably look a bit stupid but I find that it is possible to raise hoverflies. I am a modest beginning in the study of this group. I have some questions 1) what is the genus are more difficult than others to raise and is what some are impossible to raise ? 

      2) What equipment do I need ? 

      Best wishes 

      Pierre

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      Pierre MILLE 

      3 avenue des buttes blanches

      95220 Herblay - France

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      --- En date de : Lun 5.7.10, Francis Gilbert <Francis.Gilbert at nottingham.ac.uk> a écrit :

      De: Francis Gilbert <Francis.Gilbert at nottingham.ac.uk>
      Objet: [Syrphidae] temperature thresholds
      À: "Hoverfly discussion list" <syrphidae at lists.nottingham.ac.uk>, mike.bowie at lincoln.ac.nz
      Date: Lundi 5 juillet 2010, 21h55

      Hi Mike

      Here are the studies of the temperature effects on development that I know of. They include some that estimate the developmental threshold. Let me know if you need pdfs of any of them:

      Eristalis: 
      Heal JR (1989a) Variation and seasonal changes in hoverfly species: interactions between temperature, age and genotype. Biol J Linn Soc 36: 251-269

      Kendall DA (1985) Rearing and use of <Eristalis>. unpublished ms

      Ottenheim MM (1997) The evolution and function of phenotypic plasticity of <Eristalis> hoverflies. PhD Thesis, University of Leiden, the Netherlands

      Merodon:
      Collier RH & Finch S (1992) The effects of temperature on development of the large narcissus fly (<Merodon equestris>). Ann Appl Biol 120(3): 383-390

      Eumerus:
      Zabirov ShM (1963) [ On the ecology of the onion-bulb fly, <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera, Syrphidae) ]. K ekologii lykovoi zhurchalki <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera, Syrphidae). Ent Obozr 42: 736-743

      Deeb MA El (1976) Ecological and biological studies on <Eumerus amoenus> Loew and its control. MSc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt

      Gendy RH (1978) Biological studies on certain onion flies and their control. MSc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ein-Shams Univ, Egypt

      Syrphinae:

      Dusek J & Laska P (1974b) Influence of temperature during pupal development on the colour of syrphid adults (Syrphidae, Diptera). Folia Fac Sci Nat Univ Purkynianae Brunensis, Biol. 15: 77-81

      Karelin VD & Bradovskaya NP (1974) [ Effects of permanent temperature and humidity on the development of the preimaginal stages of <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus) pyrastri> L. (Diptera - Syrphidae) ]. Vliyaniye postoyannoi temperaturui i vlazhnosti na razvitiyepreimaginalnuikh stadii <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus) pyrastri> L. (Diptera - Syrphidae). pp 31-34 in Entomophags, phytophags and microorganisms in plant protection. AA Kuzin (ed), Stiinca, Kishinev. 88 pp

      Rabbinge R, Ankersmit GW & Pak GA (1979) Epidemiology and simulation of population development of <Sitobion avenae> in winter wheat. Neth J Plant Path 85: 197-220

      Adams THL, Chambers RJ & Dixon AFG (1987) Quantification of the impact of hoverflies on cereal aphids in winter wheat - laboratory rates of kill. Ent Exp & Appl 43: 153-157

      Chambers RJ (1986) Preliminary experiments on the potential of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) for the control of aphids under glass. Entomophaga 31: 197-204

      Ankersmit GW, Dijkman H, Keuning NJ, Mertens H, Sins A & Tacoma H (1986) <Episyrphus balteatus> as a predator of the aphid <Sitobion avenae> on winter wheat. Ent Exp & Appl 42: 271-277

      Saidov AKh (1974) [ The effect of various factors on the growth and development of syrphid larvae ]. Vliyaniye razlichnuikh faktorov na rost i razvitiye lichinok sirfid. Uzbekskii Biol Zh 1974(1): 47-49

      Tenhumberg B & Poehling H-M (1992a) [ Laboratory studies on estimating the potential predatory efficiency of <Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae) ]. Laboruntersuchungen zur Abschätzung der potentiellen Prädationsleistung von <Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae). Mitt Biol Bund Land- Forstw, Berlin-Dahlem 283-373    

      Soleyman-Nezhadiyan E & Laughlin R (1998) Voracity of larvae, rate of development in eggs, larvae and pupae, and flight seasons of adults of the hoverflies <Melangyna viridiceps> Macquart and <Simosyrphus grandicornis> Macquart (Diptera: Syrphidae). Austr J Ent 37(3): 243-248

      Geusen-Pfister H (1987) [ Studies on the biology and reproductive capacity of <Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Diptera: Syrphidae) under greenhouse conditions ]. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und zum Reproduktionsvermögen von <Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Dipt., Syrphidae) unter Gewächshausbedingungen. J Appl Ent 104: 261-270

      Medvey M (1988) On the rearing of <Episyrphus balteatus> (DeG) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the laboratory. pp 61-63 in Ecology and effectiveness of aphidophaga E Niemczyk & AFG Dixon (eds), SPB Academia Publishing, the Hague, Netherlands

      He Jilong, Sun Xingquan, Gui Longme & Ye Wenjuan (1990) [ A preliminary study of the bionomics of a flower fly, <Eupeodes corollae> (Fabricius) (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 8: 221-228

      He Jilong, Sun X, Ye W, Shen L, Cai Y & Li Z (1992) [ Preliminary studies on the bionomics of <Episyrphus balteatus> (De Geer) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 10(1): 35-43

      Hart AJ, Bale JS & Fenlon JS (1997) Developmental threshold, day-degree requirements and voltinism of the aphid predator <Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae). Ann Appl Biol 130(3): 427-437

      Best wishes

      Francis

      Dr Francis Gilbert
      website: www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg
      BioMAP: www.biomapegypt.org

      -----Original Message-----
      From: syrphidae-bounces at lists.nottingham.ac.uk [mailto:syrphidae-bounces at lists.nottingham.ac.uk] On Behalf Of Francis Gilbert
      Sent: 02 July 2010 09:24
      To: Hoverfly discussion list
      Subject: [Syrphidae] from Mike Bowie

      Hi Folks
      can anybody help with temperature threshold info for syphids to allow
      day-degrees to be to used to model development time of Eristalis,
      Melanostoma and Melangyna species?
      Your help would be much appreciated.
      cheers
      mike

      Mike Bowie
      Senior Technical Officer in Ecology

      AGLS/Ecology
      Burns B516
      P O Box 84
      Lincoln University 7647
      Christchurch, New Zealand

      p +64 3 3218388 | f +64 3 3253844
      e mike.bowie at lincoln.ac.nz | w www.lincoln.ac.nz

      Lincoln University, Te Whare Wanaka o Aoraki
      New Zealand's Specialist Land Based University

      Dr Francis Gilbert
      www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg
      (+44)(0)115 951 3215
      BioMAP: www.biomapegypt.org

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