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<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Thanks, Francis.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Could you give us all an update on the status of
Jennifer's new book on her garden. When we last met in Serbia, you said you
expected it to be published this year.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>I have long awaited this update to see what further
observations Jennifer has on flower flies.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Naturally, as usual I am slow and behind, but we want to
eventually publish some local data on urban flower fly diversity for the
Washington, DC, USA, area. </FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Sincerely,</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Chris</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>from home</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt Tahoma">
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV style="BACKGROUND: #f5f5f5">
<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A
title=Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk
href="mailto:Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk">Francis Gilbert</A> </DIV>
<DIV><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, July 06, 2010 4:38 PM</DIV>
<DIV><B>To:</B> <A title=syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk
href="mailto:syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">Hoverfly discussion list</A>
</DIV>
<DIV><B>Subject:</B> RE: Re : [Syrphidae] temperature
thresholds</DIV></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">hi
Pierre<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Nice
to hear from you. And it’s great that you are rearing
hoverflies.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">I
am not sure what you mean by ‘raise’ because there are two ways. By far the
easiest is to get eggs from field-collected females, or larvae from the field,
and rear them through to adults. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">A
completely different matter is to get reared adults to mate in captivity and
then to get a second generation from eggs. Thus many genera are ‘difficult’
because adults do not mate in captivity, or at least never have when it has been
tried. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Some
species are ‘difficult’ because the larva has an obligate diapause which must be
undergone or broken in order for pupation to take place. Gradually these species
have mostly been reared because techniques for keeping the larvae over the
winter are reasonably good now. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">The
only equipment for rearing larvae are small dishes and (for predators) available
aphids. For getting adults to mate in captivity you need cages of a reasonable
size (say, 60 x 60 x 60 cms) and adequate lighting.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Have
you got Graham Rotheray’s book on hoverfly larvae? That will give you most if
not all of the information you need to rear larvae through to the adults. There
is no clear guide to rearing several generations of syrphids, especially
non-aphidophagous species, but I can send you some papers if you would
like.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Salut<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">FRancis<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Dr
Francis Gilbert<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">website:
<A
href="http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg">www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg</A></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">BioMAP:
<A href="http://www.biomapegypt.org">www.biomapegypt.org</A></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV
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<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-US>
syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk
[mailto:syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Pierre
MILLE<BR><B>Sent:</B> 06 July 2010 17:05<BR><B>To:</B> Hoverfly discussion
list<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re : [Syrphidae] temperature
thresholds<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
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<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Hello Francis,<o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><BR>I'll probably look a bit stupid but I find that it
is possible to raise hoverflies. I am a modest beginning in the study of
this group. I have some questions 1) what is the genus are more difficult
than others to raise and is what some are impossible to raise ?
<o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>2) What equipment do I need ? <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Best wishes <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Pierre<o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
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<HR align=center SIZE=2 width="100%">
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</DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Pierre
MILLE</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">3
avenue des buttes blanches</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">95220
Herblay - France</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" class=MsoNormal align=center><STRONG><SPAN
style="COLOR: #0000bf">
<HR align=center SIZE=2 width="100%">
</SPAN></STRONG></DIV>
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<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
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<P class=MsoNormal><BR><BR>--- En date de : <B>Lun 5.7.10, Francis
Gilbert <I><Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk></I></B> a
écrit :<o:p></o:p></P>
<P style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt" class=MsoNormal><BR>De: Francis Gilbert
<Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk><BR>Objet: [Syrphidae] temperature
thresholds<BR>À: "Hoverfly discussion list"
<syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk>,
mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz<BR>Date: Lundi 5 juillet 2010,
21h55<o:p></o:p></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Hi Mike<BR><BR>Here are the studies of the temperature
effects on development that I know of. They include some that estimate the
developmental threshold. Let me know if you need pdfs of any of
them:<BR><BR>Eristalis: <BR>Heal JR (1989a) Variation and seasonal changes
in hoverfly species: interactions between temperature, age and genotype.
Biol J Linn Soc 36: 251-269<BR><BR>Kendall DA (1985) Rearing and use of
<Eristalis>. unpublished ms<BR><BR>Ottenheim MM (1997) The evolution
and function of phenotypic plasticity of <Eristalis> hoverflies. PhD
Thesis, University of Leiden, the Netherlands<BR><BR>Merodon:<BR>Collier
RH & Finch S (1992) The effects of temperature on development of the
large narcissus fly (<Merodon equestris>). Ann Appl Biol 120(3):
383-390<BR><BR>Eumerus:<BR>Zabirov ShM (1963) [ On the ecology of the
onion-bulb fly, <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera, Syrphidae) ]. K
ekologii lykovoi zhurchalki <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera,
Syrphidae). Ent Obozr 42: 736-743<BR><BR>Deeb MA El (1976) Ecological and
biological studies on <Eumerus amoenus> Loew and its control. MSc
Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Egypt<BR><BR>Gendy RH
(1978) Biological studies on certain onion flies and their control. MSc
Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ein-Shams Univ,
Egypt<BR><BR><BR>Syrphinae:<BR><BR>Dusek J & Laska P (1974b) Influence
of temperature during pupal development on the colour of syrphid adults
(Syrphidae, Diptera). Folia Fac Sci Nat Univ Purkynianae Brunensis, Biol.
15: 77-81<BR><BR>Karelin VD & Bradovskaya NP (1974) [ Effects of
permanent temperature and humidity on the development of the preimaginal
stages of <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus) pyrastri> L. (Diptera - Syrphidae)
]. Vliyaniye postoyannoi temperaturui i vlazhnosti na
razvitiyepreimaginalnuikh stadii <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus) pyrastri>
L. (Diptera - Syrphidae). pp 31-34 in Entomophags, phytophags and
microorganisms in plant protection. AA Kuzin (ed), Stiinca, Kishinev. 88
pp<BR><BR>Rabbinge R, Ankersmit GW & Pak GA (1979) Epidemiology and
simulation of population development of <Sitobion avenae> in winter
wheat. Neth J Plant Path 85: 197-220<BR><BR>Adams THL, Chambers RJ &
Dixon AFG (1987) Quantification of the impact of hoverflies on cereal
aphids in winter wheat - laboratory rates of kill. Ent Exp & Appl 43:
153-157<BR><BR>Chambers RJ (1986) Preliminary experiments on the potential
of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) for the control of aphids under glass.
Entomophaga 31: 197-204<BR><BR>Ankersmit GW, Dijkman H, Keuning NJ,
Mertens H, Sins A & Tacoma H (1986) <Episyrphus balteatus> as a
predator of the aphid <Sitobion avenae> on winter wheat. Ent Exp
& Appl 42: 271-277<BR><BR>Saidov AKh (1974) [ The effect of various
factors on the growth and development of syrphid larvae ]. Vliyaniye
razlichnuikh faktorov na rost i razvitiye lichinok sirfid. Uzbekskii Biol
Zh 1974(1): 47-49<BR><BR>Tenhumberg B & Poehling H-M (1992a) [
Laboratory studies on estimating the potential predatory efficiency of
<Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae) ]. Laboruntersuchungen
zur Abschätzung der potentiellen Prädationsleistung von <Episyrphus
balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae). Mitt Biol Bund Land- Forstw,
Berlin-Dahlem 283-373 <BR><BR>Soleyman-Nezhadiyan E
& Laughlin R (1998) Voracity of larvae, rate of development in eggs,
larvae and pupae, and flight seasons of adults of the hoverflies
<Melangyna viridiceps> Macquart and <Simosyrphus grandicornis>
Macquart (Diptera: Syrphidae). Austr J Ent 37(3):
243-248<BR><BR>Geusen-Pfister H (1987) [ Studies on the biology and
reproductive capacity of <Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Diptera:
Syrphidae) under greenhouse conditions ]. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und
zum Reproduktionsvermögen von <Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Dipt.,
Syrphidae) unter Gewächshausbedingungen. J Appl Ent 104:
261-270<BR><BR>Medvey M (1988) On the rearing of <Episyrphus
balteatus> (DeG) (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the laboratory. pp 61-63 in
Ecology and effectiveness of aphidophaga E Niemczyk & AFG Dixon (eds),
SPB Academia Publishing, the Hague, Netherlands<BR><BR>He Jilong, Sun
Xingquan, Gui Longme & Ye Wenjuan (1990) [ A preliminary study of the
bionomics of a flower fly, <Eupeodes corollae> (Fabricius) (Diptera,
Syrphidae) in Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 8: 221-228<BR><BR>He
Jilong, Sun X, Ye W, Shen L, Cai Y & Li Z (1992) [ Preliminary studies
on the bionomics of <Episyrphus balteatus> (De Geer) (Diptera:
Syrphidae) in Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 10(1):
35-43<BR><BR>Hart AJ, Bale JS & Fenlon JS (1997) Developmental
threshold, day-degree requirements and voltinism of the aphid predator
<Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae). Ann Appl Biol 130(3):
427-437<BR><BR>Best wishes<BR><BR>Francis<BR><BR><BR><BR>Dr Francis
Gilbert<BR>website: www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg<BR>BioMAP:
www.biomapegypt.org<BR> <BR><BR>-----Original Message-----<BR>From:
<A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk</A>
[mailto:<A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk</A>]
On Behalf Of Francis Gilbert<BR>Sent: 02 July 2010 09:24<BR>To: Hoverfly
discussion list<BR>Subject: [Syrphidae] from Mike Bowie<BR><BR>Hi
Folks<BR>can anybody help with temperature threshold info for syphids to
allow<BR>day-degrees to be to used to model development time of
Eristalis,<BR>Melanostoma and Melangyna species?<BR>Your help would be
much appreciated.<BR>cheers<BR>mike<BR><BR><BR>Mike Bowie<BR>Senior
Technical Officer in Ecology<BR><BR>AGLS/Ecology<BR>Burns B516<BR>P O Box
84<BR>Lincoln University 7647<BR>Christchurch, New Zealand<BR><BR>p +64 3
3218388 | f +64 3 3253844<BR>e <A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz">mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz</A>
| w www.lincoln.ac.nz<BR><BR>Lincoln University, Te Whare Wanaka o
Aoraki<BR>New Zealand's Specialist Land Based University<BR><BR>Dr Francis
Gilbert<BR>www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg<BR>(+44)(0)115 951 3215<BR>BioMAP:
www.biomapegypt.org<BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>Syrphidae
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