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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=NL link="#0563C1" vlink="#954F72" style='word-wrap:break-word'><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Dear all, <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>In the Zweefvliegennieuwsbrief 1 2005 Wilfried H.O. Ernst published (in Dutch) results of a short research on pollen in the gut of male Syrphus ribesii over the season. He did estimate the nutrient content of the pollen in the guts. He did not discuss the reason the males need pollen. However, it might be interesting to read since there is so little published on pollen in Syrphidae guts. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>Best wishes,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>Wouter<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='mso-fareast-language:NL'>Van:</span></b><span style='mso-fareast-language:NL'> syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk <syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk> <b>Namens </b>Francis Gilbert<br><b>Verzonden:</b> zondag 13 december 2020 19:58<br><b>Aan:</b> bioveyda@gmail.com<br><b>CC:</b> Peter Kevan <pkevan@uoguelph.ca>; Hoverfly discussion list <syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk><br><b>Onderwerp:</b> [Syrphidae] males & pollen<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>hi Emile<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>As far as I know, no-one has ever experimentally addressed the question of whether males need pollen to mature their gonads. I think Peter is the only person to have suggested it. It is a very reasonable suggestion, given that (a) most species are protandrous; and (b) in all spp where females take pollen, males do as well, but they are less often seen taking pollen than the females (Gilbert 1981 PhD thesis, p.129 & Table 7.1.2). From gut dissections, male Rhingia campestris contain more nectar and less pollen than females, but they clearly take pollen (Haslett 1989 Oecologia 81: 361). Unfortunately there is no ageing method similar to female ovary development to help with the timing of their pollen ingestion.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>I am not sure there is much more than that in the literature.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>Best wishes<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB>Francis<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Professor Francis Gilbert<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Room B132 Life Sciences, University Park<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>Tel 0115 951 3215<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-GB'>webpage: <a href="http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg/">www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></p><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>This message and any attachment are intended solely for the addressee<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>and may contain confidential information. If you have received this<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>message in error, please contact the sender and delete the email and<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>attachment. <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>Any views or opinions expressed by the author of this email do not<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>necessarily reflect the views of the University of Nottingham. Email<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>communications with the University of Nottingham may be monitored <o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB>where permitted by law.<o:p></o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre><pre><span lang=EN-GB><o:p> </o:p></span></pre></div></body></html>