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<DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=Arial>Hello Francis Gilbert, My name is Gregory Sanford
and I live in the states "NY" and Iam interested in rearing Eristalis
and was wondering if you could send me pdfs on the following
papers?</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT size=2 face=Arial>I would very much appreciate it.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV>Eristalis: <BR>Heal JR (1989a) Variation and seasonal changes in hoverfly
species: interactions between temperature, age and genotype. Biol J Linn Soc 36:
251-269<BR><BR>Kendall DA (1985) Rearing and use of <Eristalis>.
unpublished ms<BR><BR>Ottenheim MM (1997) The evolution and function of
phenotypic plasticity of <Eristalis> hoverflies. PhD Thesis, University of
Leiden, the Netherlands<BR></DIV></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="FONT: 10pt arial; BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk
href="mailto:Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk">Francis Gilbert</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A
title=syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk
href="mailto:syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">Hoverfly discussion list</A>
</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Tuesday, July 06, 2010 4:38
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> RE: Re : [Syrphidae] temperature
thresholds</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">hi
Pierre<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Nice
to hear from you. And it’s great that you are rearing
hoverflies.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">I
am not sure what you mean by ‘raise’ because there are two ways. By far the
easiest is to get eggs from field-collected females, or larvae from the field,
and rear them through to adults. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">A
completely different matter is to get reared adults to mate in captivity and
then to get a second generation from eggs. Thus many genera are ‘difficult’
because adults do not mate in captivity, or at least never have when it has
been tried. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Some
species are ‘difficult’ because the larva has an obligate diapause which must
be undergone or broken in order for pupation to take place. Gradually these
species have mostly been reared because techniques for keeping the larvae over
the winter are reasonably good now. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">The
only equipment for rearing larvae are small dishes and (for predators)
available aphids. For getting adults to mate in captivity you need cages of a
reasonable size (say, 60 x 60 x 60 cms) and adequate
lighting.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Have
you got Graham Rotheray’s book on hoverfly larvae? That will give you most if
not all of the information you need to rear larvae through to the adults.
There is no clear guide to rearing several generations of syrphids, especially
non-aphidophagous species, but I can send you some papers if you would
like.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">Salut<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt">FRancis<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Dr
Francis Gilbert<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">website:
<A
href="http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg">www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg</A></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">BioMAP:
<A href="http://www.biomapegypt.org">www.biomapegypt.org</A></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"> </SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; COLOR: #1f497d; FONT-SIZE: 11pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<DIV
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<P class=MsoNormal><B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"
lang=EN-US>From:</SPAN></B><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Tahoma','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt" lang=EN-US>
syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk
[mailto:syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk] <B>On Behalf Of </B>Pierre
MILLE<BR><B>Sent:</B> 06 July 2010 17:05<BR><B>To:</B> Hoverfly discussion
list<BR><B>Subject:</B> Re : [Syrphidae] temperature
thresholds<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></P>
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<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Hello Francis,<o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><BR>I'll probably look a bit stupid but I find that
it is possible to raise hoverflies. I am a modest beginning in the study
of this group. I have some questions 1) what is the genus are more
difficult than others to raise and is what some are impossible to raise
? <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>2) What equipment do I need ? <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Best wishes <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal> <o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Pierre<o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
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<HR align=center SIZE=2 width="100%">
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</DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Pierre
MILLE</SPAN></STRONG><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">3
avenue des buttes blanches</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Bookman Old Style','serif'; COLOR: #0000bf; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">95220
Herblay - France</SPAN></STRONG><o:p></o:p></P></DIV>
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align=center><STRONG><SPAN style="COLOR: #0000bf">
<HR align=center SIZE=2 width="100%">
</SPAN></STRONG></DIV>
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<HR align=center SIZE=2 width="100%">
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<P class=MsoNormal><STRONG><SPAN
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<P class=MsoNormal><BR><BR>--- En date de : <B>Lun 5.7.10, Francis
Gilbert <I><Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk></I></B> a
écrit :<o:p></o:p></P>
<P style="MARGIN-BOTTOM: 12pt" class=MsoNormal><BR>De: Francis Gilbert
<Francis.Gilbert@nottingham.ac.uk><BR>Objet: [Syrphidae]
temperature thresholds<BR>À: "Hoverfly discussion list"
<syrphidae@lists.nottingham.ac.uk>,
mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz<BR>Date: Lundi 5 juillet 2010,
21h55<o:p></o:p></P>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal>Hi Mike<BR><BR>Here are the studies of the
temperature effects on development that I know of. They include some
that estimate the developmental threshold. Let me know if you need pdfs
of any of them:<BR><BR>Eristalis: <BR>Heal JR (1989a) Variation and
seasonal changes in hoverfly species: interactions between temperature,
age and genotype. Biol J Linn Soc 36: 251-269<BR><BR>Kendall DA (1985)
Rearing and use of <Eristalis>. unpublished ms<BR><BR>Ottenheim MM
(1997) The evolution and function of phenotypic plasticity of
<Eristalis> hoverflies. PhD Thesis, University of Leiden, the
Netherlands<BR><BR>Merodon:<BR>Collier RH & Finch S (1992) The
effects of temperature on development of the large narcissus fly
(<Merodon equestris>). Ann Appl Biol 120(3):
383-390<BR><BR>Eumerus:<BR>Zabirov ShM (1963) [ On the ecology of the
onion-bulb fly, <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera, Syrphidae) ].
K ekologii lykovoi zhurchalki <Eumerus strigatus> Fall. (Diptera,
Syrphidae). Ent Obozr 42: 736-743<BR><BR>Deeb MA El (1976) Ecological
and biological studies on <Eumerus amoenus> Loew and its control.
MSc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University,
Egypt<BR><BR>Gendy RH (1978) Biological studies on certain onion flies
and their control. MSc Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ein-Shams Univ,
Egypt<BR><BR><BR>Syrphinae:<BR><BR>Dusek J & Laska P (1974b)
Influence of temperature during pupal development on the colour of
syrphid adults (Syrphidae, Diptera). Folia Fac Sci Nat Univ Purkynianae
Brunensis, Biol. 15: 77-81<BR><BR>Karelin VD & Bradovskaya NP (1974)
[ Effects of permanent temperature and humidity on the development of
the preimaginal stages of <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus) pyrastri> L.
(Diptera - Syrphidae) ]. Vliyaniye postoyannoi temperaturui i vlazhnosti
na razvitiyepreimaginalnuikh stadii <Scaeva (Lasiophthicus)
pyrastri> L. (Diptera - Syrphidae). pp 31-34 in Entomophags,
phytophags and microorganisms in plant protection. AA Kuzin (ed),
Stiinca, Kishinev. 88 pp<BR><BR>Rabbinge R, Ankersmit GW & Pak GA
(1979) Epidemiology and simulation of population development of
<Sitobion avenae> in winter wheat. Neth J Plant Path 85:
197-220<BR><BR>Adams THL, Chambers RJ & Dixon AFG (1987)
Quantification of the impact of hoverflies on cereal aphids in winter
wheat - laboratory rates of kill. Ent Exp & Appl 43:
153-157<BR><BR>Chambers RJ (1986) Preliminary experiments on the
potential of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) for the control of aphids
under glass. Entomophaga 31: 197-204<BR><BR>Ankersmit GW, Dijkman H,
Keuning NJ, Mertens H, Sins A & Tacoma H (1986) <Episyrphus
balteatus> as a predator of the aphid <Sitobion avenae> on
winter wheat. Ent Exp & Appl 42: 271-277<BR><BR>Saidov AKh (1974) [
The effect of various factors on the growth and development of syrphid
larvae ]. Vliyaniye razlichnuikh faktorov na rost i razvitiye lichinok
sirfid. Uzbekskii Biol Zh 1974(1): 47-49<BR><BR>Tenhumberg B &
Poehling H-M (1992a) [ Laboratory studies on estimating the potential
predatory efficiency of <Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera:
Syrphidae) ]. Laboruntersuchungen zur Abschätzung der potentiellen
Prädationsleistung von <Episyrphus balteatus> (Diptera:
Syrphidae). Mitt Biol Bund Land- Forstw, Berlin-Dahlem
283-373 <BR><BR>Soleyman-Nezhadiyan E & Laughlin R
(1998) Voracity of larvae, rate of development in eggs, larvae and
pupae, and flight seasons of adults of the hoverflies <Melangyna
viridiceps> Macquart and <Simosyrphus grandicornis> Macquart
(Diptera: Syrphidae). Austr J Ent 37(3): 243-248<BR><BR>Geusen-Pfister H
(1987) [ Studies on the biology and reproductive capacity of
<Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Diptera: Syrphidae) under greenhouse
conditions ]. Untersuchungen zur Biologie und zum Reproduktionsvermögen
von <Episyrphus balteatus> Deg. (Dipt., Syrphidae) unter
Gewächshausbedingungen. J Appl Ent 104: 261-270<BR><BR>Medvey M (1988)
On the rearing of <Episyrphus balteatus> (DeG) (Diptera:
Syrphidae) in the laboratory. pp 61-63 in Ecology and effectiveness of
aphidophaga E Niemczyk & AFG Dixon (eds), SPB Academia Publishing,
the Hague, Netherlands<BR><BR>He Jilong, Sun Xingquan, Gui Longme &
Ye Wenjuan (1990) [ A preliminary study of the bionomics of a flower
fly, <Eupeodes corollae> (Fabricius) (Diptera, Syrphidae) in
Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 8: 221-228<BR><BR>He Jilong, Sun X,
Ye W, Shen L, Cai Y & Li Z (1992) [ Preliminary studies on the
bionomics of <Episyrphus balteatus> (De Geer) (Diptera: Syrphidae)
in Shanghai ]. J Shanghai Agric College 10(1): 35-43<BR><BR>Hart AJ,
Bale JS & Fenlon JS (1997) Developmental threshold, day-degree
requirements and voltinism of the aphid predator <Episyrphus
balteatus> (Diptera: Syrphidae). Ann Appl Biol 130(3):
427-437<BR><BR>Best wishes<BR><BR>Francis<BR><BR><BR><BR>Dr Francis
Gilbert<BR>website: www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg<BR>BioMAP:
www.biomapegypt.org<BR> <BR><BR>-----Original Message-----<BR>From:
<A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk</A>
[mailto:<A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk">syrphidae-bounces@lists.nottingham.ac.uk</A>]
On Behalf Of Francis Gilbert<BR>Sent: 02 July 2010 09:24<BR>To: Hoverfly
discussion list<BR>Subject: [Syrphidae] from Mike Bowie<BR><BR>Hi
Folks<BR>can anybody help with temperature threshold info for syphids to
allow<BR>day-degrees to be to used to model development time of
Eristalis,<BR>Melanostoma and Melangyna species?<BR>Your help would be
much appreciated.<BR>cheers<BR>mike<BR><BR><BR>Mike Bowie<BR>Senior
Technical Officer in Ecology<BR><BR>AGLS/Ecology<BR>Burns B516<BR>P O
Box 84<BR>Lincoln University 7647<BR>Christchurch, New Zealand<BR><BR>p
+64 3 3218388 | f +64 3 3253844<BR>e <A
href="http://fr.mc275.mail.yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz">mike.bowie@lincoln.ac.nz</A>
| w www.lincoln.ac.nz<BR><BR>Lincoln University, Te Whare Wanaka o
Aoraki<BR>New Zealand's Specialist Land Based University<BR><BR>Dr
Francis Gilbert<BR>www.nottingham.ac.uk/~plzfg<BR>(+44)(0)115 951
3215<BR>BioMAP:
www.biomapegypt.org<BR><BR>_______________________________________________<BR>Syrphidae
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