[Syrphidae] Spring has arrived !

Thu Mar 18 19:33:08 GMT 2010

...and we think we get it rough in the UK! 

Andy

Date: Thu, 18 Mar 2010 19:34:51 +0100
Subject: Re: [Syrphidae] Spring has arrived !
From: arjen.leendertse at gmail.com
To: syrphidae at lists.nottingham.ac.uk

Hello Pierre,
Here in Southern Norway, the snow is just slipping it's cold grasp. I guess we'll have to wait another 4 weeks before the syrphids start hovering. But we may be lucky and find a wintering E. tenax at a sunny spot before that...

Rgds,
Arjen Leendertse

2010/3/16 Pierre MILLE <mille_pierre at yahoo.fr>

Hello to all

In my home (Ile-de-France in Herblay in the Val d'Oise) temperature is 10 ° C and the sun hot ! Have you seen your first hoverflies?This would symptahique answer me because I sent two messages of welcome and others asking questions but I've never had any answers.

Best wishes

Pierre

Pierre MILLE 
3 avenue des buttes blanches

95220 Herblay 

--- En date de : Ven 12.2.10, Bartsch, Hans D <hans.bartsch at telia.com> a écrit :

De: Bartsch, Hans D <hans.bartsch at telia.com>
Objet: Re: [Syrphidae] freeze tolerance in tree-hole species
À: "Hoverfly discussion list" <syrphidae at lists.nottingham.ac.uk>

Date: Vendredi 12 février 2010, 14h26

Dear all, 
I can only confirm from the Stockholm area what most allready have written. I was breeding Myatropa florea larvae in a small bucket (with wooden chips in water) the other year and everything froze to one block of ice. Nevertheless the larvae pupated and hatched next spring without problems. So do not touch and don´t get worried! The only thing to remember is that there should be drier material for the larvae to pupate in when that time cames. 

Best wishes 
Hans

----- Original Message ----- 
From: Frank Van de Meutter 

To: Hoverfly discussion list 

Sent: Tuesday, February 09, 2010 2:27 PM
Subject: Re: [Syrphidae] freeze tolerance in tree-hole species

Thanks to all for the swift responses (including several private ones).

I am well aware that many species may easily cope with frost just by the simple observation that they do occur in colder climates than is here the case. No doubt frost-tolerance will be species- and possibly population-specific. Therefore I still deem it possible that (high) mortality may occur in some Belgian species, especially in less optimal habitats (small holes that easily freeze, holes that are too open, ...). Ore maybe some southern species/populations that had shifted over the past 15 warm winters to Belgium will now be affected? Also note that species distributions in other groups may be directly linked to survival of larvae in relation to temperature, why not in treehole syrphids? (we do have nothern and southern treehole syrphid species in Europe, don't we?

As such frost may be responsible for -why not- strong population fluctuations in time or range shifts. 
Anyways, I already observed a Myathropa larva caught in ice - within a couple of weeks I will  see whether such animals may survive (I now rather have the impression I could break it in two if I broke the ice :)). 

cheers,

Frank

Wouter van Steenis schreef: 
Dear Frank and others,

Don't worry about them larvae and a little frost. In Nebraska (USA) I 
received 6 Mallota bautias larvae from Patrick Monk. He collected them on 
October 4 2003. I kept them in a small plastic container with less than half 
a liter of the substrate collected together with the larvae.
I had the container in a small shed next to our house with temperatures 
equal to outside temperature.
Then winter came. It froze 20 degrees Celsius at daytime for some weeks. I 
don't know the minimum temperature, it must have been quite a bit colder. 
Both the larvae and the substrate were completely frozen. Shaking the 
container sounded like rattling a box with small wood pellets or something.
In spring the larvae came on temperature and went on living as if nothing 
happened. They pupated April 11 and 12 2004. The adults emerged April 27-29 
2004.
I know there is quite some literature on how insects manage to freeze and 
stay alive. It has something to do with changing all water content for carbo 
hydroxides so no harm will be done to the cells while freezing.
Off course these frozen insects won't have any cell activity, so they 
probably do not need any oxygen either.

Good luck with your winter search party!

Wouter

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Frank Van de Meutter" <Frank.VandeMeutter at Bio.kuleuven.be>
To: <syrphidae at lists.nottingham.ac.uk>
Sent: Tuesday, February 09, 2010 10:55 AM
Subject: [Syrphidae] freeze tolerance in tree-hole species

Hi all,

I planned this winter to start a search for some rare water filled 
treehole/treecavities inhabiting syrphids in Belgium. Winter is however 
particularly harsh here (and over much of Europe), and all these small 
water bodies that I visited are frozen for more than six weeks now. It 
appears to me that the whole of the water content in the tree rotholes and 
cavities is now frozen. This makes me question whether syrphid larvae will 
be able to survive these conditions? Even if not all is frozen, they 
should experience oxygen shortage? Comparably, in ponds and pools, it is 
known that severe frost may also wipe out a considerable fraction of the 
aquatic community (though I know nothing on syrphids living there). When 
the water starts to melt I will see whether many dead larvae can be found. 
Right now, I would like to ask whether anyone has some previous 
experience/knowledge on this?

beste wishes,

Frank
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